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Community reinforcement approach and family training (CRAFT) is a behavior therapy approach for treating addiction. The original community reinforcement approach (CRA) developed by Nate Azrin in the 1970s uses operant conditioning to help people learn to reduce the power of their addictions and enjoy healthy life. CRAFT combines CRA with family training, which equips family and friends with supportive techniques to encourage their loved ones to begin and continue treatment, and provides defenses against addiction's damaging effects on loved ones. == Introduction == The ''community reinforcement approach'' (CRA) was "originally developed for individuals with alcohol use disorders, () has been successfully employed to treat a variety of substance use disorders for more than 35 years. Based on operant conditioning (type of learning ), CRA helps people rearrange their lifestyles so that healthy, drug-free living becomes rewarding and thereby competes with alcohol and drug use."〔p. 380〕 "CRA is a time-limited treatment." "In time-limited therapy, a set number of sessions (for example, 16 sessions) or time limit (for example, one year) is decided upon either at the very beginning of therapy or within the early stages of therapy." ''Community reinforcement and family training'' (CRAFT) is CRA that "works through family member."〔p. 380〕 It "is designed to increase the odds of the substance user who is refusing treatment to enter treatment, as well as improve the lives of the concerned family members.〔〔 CRAFT "teaches the use of healthy rewards to encourage positive behaviors. Plus, it focuses on helping both the substance user and the family."〔 ''Adolescent community reinforcement approach'' (A-CRA) is CRA that "targets adolescents with substance use problems and their caregivers."〔p. 380〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Community reinforcement approach and family training」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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